Pengaruh Karakteristik Pelaku Usaha terhadap Adopsi Digitalisasi UMKM di Kabupaten Kubu Raya
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh karakteristik pelaku usaha terhadap tingkat penerapan digitalisasi UMKM di Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Variabel yang diteliti meliputi umur, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, pengalaman usaha, dan pengalaman menggunakan digitalisasi. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik survei terhadap 190 pelaku UMKM. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi logistik ordinal untuk menguji pengaruh variabel independen terhadap tingkat penerapan digitalisasi yang dikategorikan menjadi jarang aktif, cukup aktif, dan aktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat penerapan digitalisasi UMKM masih didominasi kategori jarang aktif sebesar 64%, yang mengindikasikan rendahnya pemanfaatan teknologi digital dalam kegiatan usaha. Model regresi yang digunakan terbukti layak dan memiliki daya jelaskan yang sangat kuat. Secara simultan, variabel karakteristik pelaku usaha berpengaruh signifikan terhadap tingkat penerapan digitalisasi. Secara parsial, variabel umur, pendidikan, dan pengalaman menggunakan digitalisasi berpengaruh signifikan dan positif, sedangkan jenis kelamin dan pengalaman usaha tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Nilai odds ratio menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan dan pengalaman digitalisasi merupakan faktor dominan dalam meningkatkan peluang penerapan digitalisasi UMKM. Implikasi penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya peningkatan literasi digital, pendidikan, serta pengalaman penggunaan teknologi dalam mendorong transformasi digital UMKM.
References
Adelin, V., Hudjah, A. M., & Ahira, A. P. (2025). Optimalisasi Penggunaan Media Sosial dalam Tujuan Peningkatan Engagement serta Digitalisasi Komunitas Desa Sungai Rengas Kecamatan Sungai Kakap Kabupaten Kubu Raya. El-Mujtama : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 5(1), 334–342. https://doi.org/10.47467/elmujtama.v5i1.5937
Ajidan. (2025). Opportunities For Micro , Small And Medium Enterprises In Increasing Sales Using Information And Social Media In The Nagan Raya District Area. The International Journal of Social Sciences Vol., 6(2), 143–149. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/teunuleh.v6i1.187 P-ISSN:
Alam, K., Ali, M. A., Erdiaw-kwasie, M. O., Murray, P. A., & Wiesner, R. (2022). Digital Transformation among SMEs : Does Gender Matter ? Sustainability Article, 14(535), 1–20. https://doi.org/https:// doi.org/10.3390/su14010535 Academic
Amaya, A., Campoverde, J., & Granda, M. L. (2024). The Effect of Dynamic Capabilities on MSMEs Digitalization : Exploring the Moderating Role of Firm Age. Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 19(1), 40–51. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-27242024000100040
Andaregie, A., & Astatkie, T. (2022). Determinants of technology adoption by micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Awi zone, Northwest Ethiopia. African Journal of Science, Technology, Innovation and Development, 14(4), 997–1006. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/20421338.2021.1923385
Artanto, A. T., Kusnarto, Haryono, N., & Sholihatin, E. (2022). Digitalization of Micro , Small and Medium Enterprises in Building Business Resilience in the New Normal Era. Journal of Governance and Administrative Reform, 3(2), 163–180. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20473/jgar.v3i2.41772
Astuti, E. D., & Rosita, R. (2024). Pentingnya Transformasi Digital UMKM dalam Pengembangan Ekonomi Indonesia. Sammajiva: Jurnal Penelitian Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 2(4), 119–134. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47861/sammajiva.v2i4.1499
Bagus, F. E., & Suriyok, K. (2025). Pengaruh Usia, Pendidikan, Lingkungan, Modal, Dan Periode Usaha Terhadap Minat Penerapan Aplikasi Akuntansi Berbasis Seluler Pada UMKM Bidang F&B Kota Pasuruan (Study Kasus Car Free Day di GOR Kota Pasuruan). Jurnal Transparan, 17(1), 28–40. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.53567/jtsyb.v17i1.92
Bahtera, N. T., Marjianto, R. S., & Salam, M. D. (2022). Digital Entrepreneurship Training For Micro, Small And Medium Enterprises (MSMES) For Typical Culinary Of Tuban Regency. Journal of Community Service and Engagements, 01, 31–36. https://doi.org/10.20473/dc.V4.I1.2022.31-36
Bhuiyan, J. A., Asma, B., & Bhowmik, S. C. (2024). Digital procurement practices in SMES : comparative cases of advanced and emerging economies. International Journal of Science and Technology Research Archive, 6(2), 45–58. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.53771/ijstra.2024.6.2.0046
Brieger, S. A., Bäro, A., Criaco, G., & Terjesen, S. A. (2021). Entrepreneurs ’ age , institutions , and social value creation goals : A multi-country study. Small Bus Econ, 57, 425–453. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-020-00317-z Entrepreneurs’
Buvár, Á., & Gati, M. (2023). Digital marketing adoption of microenterprises in a technology acceptance approach. Management & Marketing, 18(2), 127–144. https://doi.org/10.2478/mmcks-2023-0008.Introduction
Cunningham, J. A., Damij, N., Modic, D., & Olan, F. (2023). MSME technology adoption , entrepreneurial mindset and value creation : a configurational approach. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 48(5), 1574–1598. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10961-023-10022-0
Dharma, B. A., & Yudiono, N. (2025). MSMEs Go Digital: Impact Analysis and Strategies for Sustainable Economic Development. International Journal of Business and Quality Research, 03(02), 224–234. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.63922/ijbqr.v3i02.1786
Eze, S. C., Awa, H. O., Chinedu-eze, V. C. A., & Bello, A. O. (2021). technology adoption by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 8(82), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-021-00762-5
Fadillah, F., Cholifah, F., Putri, A., Fitriani, Y., Rizan, M., & Wibowo, S. F. (2025). The Dynamics of SME Digital Marketing in the Digital Business Ecosystem. Greenation International Journal of Economics and Accounting, 3(1), 175–184. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.38035/gijea.v3i1.384
Faruque, O., Chowdhury, S. N., Rabbani, G., & Khan, D. N. A. (2024). Technology Adoption and Digital Transformation in Small Businesses : Trends , Challenges , and Opportunities. International Journal for Multidisciplinary Research (IJFMR), 6(5), 1–21. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36948/ijfmr.2024.v06i05.29207
Feranita, N. V., Dwimahendrawan, A., & Asmuni. (2024). Determinants of Digital Technology Adoption Among Women Entrepreneurs. Journal of Women’s Entrepreneurship and Education, 1(2), 66–92. https://doi.org/10.28934/jwee24.12.pp66-92
Firman, D. (2024). Sistem Akuntansi Manajemen dan Pengambilan Keputusan UMKM: Review Literatur terhadap Efektivitas dan Kesiapan Digital. Balance: Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 3(3), 131–139. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.59086/jam.v3i3.769
Fitriyani, I., Mustofa, A., & Yunus, E. (2025). Strategi Inovasi Produk UMKM Dalam Menghadapi Globalisasi Melalui Digitalisasi. SENTRI: Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, 4(8), 923–931. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55681/sentri.v4i8.4321
Fuadi, D. S., Akhyadi, A. S., & Saripah, I. (2021). Systematic Review : Strategi Pemberdayaan Pelaku UMKM Menuju Systematic Review : Strategies for Empowering UMKM Subject Toward a. DIKLUS : Jurnal Pendidikan Luar Sekolah, 5(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21831/diklus.v5i1.37122
Gao, J., Siddik, A. B., Abbas, S. K., Hamayun, M., Masukujjaman, M., & Alam, S. S. (2023). Impact of E-Commerce and Digital Marketing Adoption on the Financial and Sustainability Performance of MSMEs during the COVID-19 Pandemic : An Empirical Study. Sustainability Article, 15(1594). https://doi.org/https:// doi.org/10.3390/su15021594
Gökalp, E., & Martinez, V. (2022). Digital transformation maturity assessment: development of the digital transformation capability maturity model. International Journal of Production Research, 60(20), 6282–6302. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00207543.2021.1991020
Gupta, V. (2024). An Empirical Evaluation of a Generative Artificial Intelligence Technology Adoption Model from Entrepreneurs ’ Perspectives. Systems, 12(103), 1–53. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ systems12030103
Hananto, I. A., Pramuka, B. A., & Bawono, I. R. (2020). The Influence Of Owner Education Levels , Owner Accounting Knowledge , Business Scale , And Business Age On The Use Of Accounting Information In Msme ’ S In Wonogiri. Journal Of Applied Managerial Accounting, 4(2), 228–236. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30871/jama.v4i2.2096
Handayani, A. D. (2023). Digitalisasi Umkm : Peningkatan Kapasitas Melalui Program Literasi Digital. Jurnal Signal, 11(1), 103–117. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33603/signal.v11i1.8213
Hidayat, M. S., & Azka, M. S. T. (2024). Can Productive Zakat, Entrepreneurial Experience, and Information Technology Drive MSME and SME Performance? A Case Study of BAZNAS Sleman Regency. Bulletin of Islamic Economics, 3(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14421/bie.2024.031-04 This
Hidayat, R., Alliyah, S., & Dewi, N. G. (2022). Financial Inclusion , Intellectual Capital , and MSMEs Performance with Business Age as Moderating Variable. International Journal Of Multidisciplinary Research And Analysis, 5(12), 3412–3422. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v5-i12-16
Hikmahwati, & Sahla, W. A. (2022). Technological Capital Mediation on the Effect of Digital Marketing in Increasing MSMEs Sales in Batola Regency. Ilomata International Journal of Social Science, 3(3), 337–349. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.52728/ijss.v3i3.497
Irianto, H., Viesta, A. Dela, Nugroho, A. T., Wahyuni, T., Prabowo, W. C., Hamid, I. N., Anufah, T. N., Permatasari, H. I., Salsabila, A., Sofyana, Hardiyanti, F. Y., & 1). (2022). Digitalisasi UMKM sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Pemasaran dan Penjualan Online di Desa Tengklik. Journal of Cooperative, Small and Medium Enterprise Development, 1(2), 60–64. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20961/cosmed.v1i2.66865
Jaime, D., Hochstetter-diez, J., Bustamante-mora, A., Sepúlveda-Cuevas, S., Albayay, I., & Arango-lopez, J. (2024). Navigating Digital Transformation and Technology Adoption : A Literature Review from Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Developing Countries. Sustainability Review, 16(5946), 1–31. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su16145946
Kallmuenzer, A., Mikhaylov, A., Chelaru, M., & Czakon, W. (2025). Adoption and performance outcome of digitalization in small and medium‑sized enterprises. Review of Managerial Science, 19, 2011–2038. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11846-024-00744-2
Kamil, I., Bakri, A. A., Salingkat, S., Ardenny, Tahirs, J. P., & Alfiana. (2022). Pendampingan UMKM melalui Pemanfaatan Digital Marketing pada Platform E-Commerce. Indonesian Journal of Community Research and Engagement, 3(2), 517–526. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37680/amalee.v3i2.2782
Kasim, E. Y., & Martana, C. R. (2025). Peningkatan Daya Saing UMKM WMie Melalui Pemasaran Digital dan Penerapan Pencatatan Keuangan Sistematis dengan Aplikasi SIAPIK. Jurnal Dharma Bhakti Ekuitas, 10(01), 62–72. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.52250/dbe.v10i1.1010
Kilay, A. L., Simamora, B. H., & Putra, D. P. (2022). The Influence of E-Payment and E-Commerce Services on Supply Chain Performance : Implications of Open Innovation and Solutions for the Digitalization of Micro , Small , and Medium Enterprises ( MSMEs ) in Indonesia. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity Article, 8(119), 1–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8030119
Kumar, S., Goel, U., Joshi, P., & Johri, A. (2024). Factors affecting Information & Communication Technology (ICT) adoption among MSMEs. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 10(1), 100205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100205
Kurniasari, F., Lestari, E. D., & Tannady, H. (2023). Pursuing Long-Term Business Performance : Investigating the Effects of Financial and Technological Factors on Digital Adoption to Leverage SME Performance and Business Sustainability — Evidence from Indonesian SMEs in the Traditional Market. Sustainability Article, 15(12668), 1–20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612668
Kusuma, H., Muafi, M., Aji, H. M., & Pamungkas, S. (2020). Information and Communication Technology Adoption in Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises : Demographic Characteristics. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(10), 969–980. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no10.969
Lashitew, A. A. (2023). When businesses go digital: The role of CEO attributes in technology adoption and utilization during the COVID-19 pandemic. Technological Forecasting & Social Change, 189(122324), 1–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2023.122324
Lukas, E. N., & Hasudungan, A. (2024). The Impact of the Digital Divide on MSMEs ’ Productivity in Indonesia. International Research Journal of Business Studies, 16(3), 241–252. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.16.3.241-252
Mariam, S., & Ramli, A. H. (2023). Digital Marketing Unggul Untuk Peningkatan Pemasaran UMKM Di Kota Jakarta Barat. Indonesian Collaboration Journal of Community Services, 3(4), 379–390. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.53067/icjcs.v3i4
Mittal, R., & Soriya, S. (2025). Fostering competitiveness of Indian MSMEs through IT and digitalization. Information Technology for Development, 31(4), 1066–1089. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/02681102.2025.2453211
Moreira, L. L., Pinto, S. S., Costa, L., & Araújo, N. (2025). Evaluating digital transformation in small and medium enterprises using the Alkire-Foster method. Heliyon, 11(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e41838
Morisson, B., & Saiful Fikri, A. A. H. (2025). Digitalisasi UMKM sebagai Strategi Meningkatkan Daya Saing di Era Ekonomi Digital. EBISNIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Dan Bisnis), 18(1), 289–299. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.51903/e-bisnis.v18i1.2215
Ms, E. I., Abdullah, W., Suhartini, E., Parmitasari, R. D. A., Farild, M., Syariati, A., & Rusnawati. (2024). Increasing The Business Potential Of Msmes Through The Utilization Of Digital Bookkeeping And Digital Marketing In Sebatik Island. International Journal Of Community Service Increasing, 4(2), 105–109. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.51601/ijcs.v4i2.273
Mulyanti, R. Y., Wati, L. N., & Suhana. (2025). What Factors Influence The Internationalization Of Small And Medium Enterprises (SMES)? A Gender-Based Approach. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi, 9(1), 253–272. https://doi.org/DOI. 10.22437/jiituj.v9i1.38816
Murari, K., Pandey, S., & Kumar, K. (2025). A Study on Adoption of Digital Technologies by the MSMEs. International Journal of Scientific Research in Engineering and Management (IJSREM), 9(7), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.55041/IJSREM51165
Nguyen, T. B., Kumar, M., Sahoo, D. K., Nain, N., Yadav, M., & Dadhich, V. (2025). Mapping the landscape of women entrepreneurs in micro and small enterprises : Trends , themes , and insights through systematic review and text mining. F1000Research, 14(422), 1–20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.163030.1
Omrani, N., Rejeb, N., Maalaoui, A., Dabi, M., & Kraus, S. (2024). Drivers of Digital Transformation in SMEs. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 71, 5030–5043. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1109/tem.2022.3215727
Pamungkas, A. P., & Kristianti, I. (2019). Persepsi , Pengetahuan Akuntansi dan Pengalaman Usaha Terhadap Penggunaan Informasi Pada UMKM. AFRE Accounting and Financial Review, 2(2), 107–112. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.26905/afr.v2i2.3729
Phukan, R. (2025). The Impact of Digital Transformation on Small and Medium-sized Enterprises. Integrated Journal for Research in Arts and Humanities, 5(4), 133–140. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55544/ijrah.5.4.18
Pratamansyah, S. R. (2024). Transformasi Digital dan Pertumbuhan UMKM : Analisis Dampak Teknologi pada Kinerja Usaha Kecil dan Menengah di Indonesia. Jurnal Akuntansi, Manajemen, Dan Perencanaan Kebijakan, 2(2), 1–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47134/jampk.v2i2.475
Purnomo, S., Nurmalitasari, & Nurchim. (2024). Digital transformation of MSMEs in Indonesia : A systematic literature review. Journal of Management and Digital Business, 4(2), 301–312. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.53088/jmdb.v4i2.1121
Rachmiani, R., Ahmada, N. H., & Darusman. (2025). Optimization of Digital Technology Utilization in Marketing Strategy Development to Enhance the Competitiveness of MSME Products. International Journal of Management Science and Information Technology, 5(1), 56–66. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35870/ijmsit.v5i1.3648
Rahmawati, D., Thaha, A. R., & Priyanto, A. (2023). Financial Literacy, Digital Transformation Adoption, And Their Significance To The MSMEs Performance In Bandung City. Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Dan Kewirausahaan, 7(1), 213–223. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24912/jmbk.v7i1.20702
Safrin, F. A., & Harahap, K. (2025). Analysis of the Implementation of E-Marketing Strategies in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Medan City. International Journal of Business and Quality Research, 03(02), 126–137. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.63922/ijbqr.v3i02.1740
Sahid, A., & Hazan. (2024). Digital Marketing Adoption Strategy of Legendary Micro , Small , and Medium Enterprises ( MSMEs ) in Makassar City. Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS), 7(2), 442–450. https://doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v7i2.2375
Sunuantari, M., Zarkasi, I. R., Gunawan, I., & Farhan, R. M. (2021). R-TIK Digital Literacy towards Indonesian MSMEs (UMKM) Digital Energy of Asia. Jurnal Komunikator, 13(2), 175–187. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18196/jkm.12380
Ta, V. A., & Lin, C. (2023). Exploring the Determinants of Digital Transformation Adoption for SMEs in an Emerging Economy. Sustainability Article, 15(7093), 1–13. https://doi.org/https:// doi.org/10.3390/su15097093
Tedjomurti, F., & Arofah, L. (2025). Social Construction of Traditional MSME Actors Towards QRIS Digital Payment Adoption in Surabaya. Journal of Social Dynamics and Governance, 2(1), 43–52. https://doi.org/thors: Febriandita Tedjomurti | Lumban Arofah https://doi.org/10.26740/jsdg.v2i1.43196
Teng, X., Wu, Z., & Yang, F. (2022). Research on the Relationship between Digital Transformation and Performance of SMEs. Sustainability (Switzerland), 14(10), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14106012
Tikno, & Amelia, P. (2019). Hubungan Usia, Tingkat Pendidikan, Dan Gender Pemilik Umkm Terhadap Program Umkm Go Digital Di Kabupaten Gresik. Jurnal Teknologia, 2(1), 2–17.
Wu, C., & Tóth, A. (2025). The systemic transformation of small and medium enterprises ( SMEs ) in the era of digitalization : Challenges and strategic pathways in emerging industrial regions of China. Prosperitas, 12(4), 1–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31570/prosp_2025 _0142
Wulandari, A., Dompak, T., & Salsabila, L. (2024). Transformasi Digital Umkm Studi Kasus Strategi Adopsi TeknologI. JOPPAS: Journal of Public Policy and Administration, 6(1), 21–30. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31539/joppas.v6i1.11117
Yuwono, T., Tajudin, T., Triwibowo, R. N., Sefiani, H. N., & Anggaraksa, W. (2024). Pelatihan Digital Marketing dan Pendampingan Legalitas Untuk Mengembangkan Usaha UMKM Entrepreneur Expo UNAIC. Madani : Indonesian Journal Of Civil Society, 6(1), 36–42. https://doi.org/10.35970/madani.v1i1.2065
Copyright (c) 2026 Dewi Kurniati, Nia Permatasari, Singgih Tiwut Atmojo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
