Pollution Forensic Linguistic Analysis NataliusPigai’s Good on Social Media

This study aims to: (1) explain the meaning of denotation and connotation of defamation on social media, (2) explain the pragmatic analysis (speech acts) of defamation on social media, and (3) explain the juridical effects of defamation on social media. The data in this study are language that contains criminal acts of defamation on social media Facebook. The data source in this study is the social media Facebook. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method, data collection techniques in the form of capturing screens, reading techniques, and taking notes. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis techniques. The results of this study indicate that: based on the semantic study of NA speech on social media Facebook, NP contains denotative and connotative meanings. The use of the type of animal chosen by the speaker is a different animal from the animals that are used to insult and humiliate. In this pragmatic study of speech is a type of commissive illocutionary speech act. There is also a metaphorical meaning in the words "human", "gorilla", and "desert lizard", which is to compare the power between ordinary people, a group of people who have power against the government, and a group of people who are against the government. Perlocutionary in this sentence is the reporting of AN in Polda Papua and Polda Papua Barat so that Bareskrim takes the case. AN will be subject to Article Law Number 19 of 2016 Amendments to the ITE Law and KUHP Article 310 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code regarding written pollution.


INTRODUCTION
The development of information and communication technology creates a positive impact on humans in the modern era because it is able to increase progress and help human work.On the other hand, information and communication technology also has a negative impact that causes the emergence of new crimes by utilizing internet sites as their mode of operation which is called cyber crime (Sa'diyah, 2012).Freedom to communicate and express opinions by utilizing information technology is constitutively regulated in Article 28F of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia.Article 28F of the 1945 Constitution states that: "Everyone has the right to communicate and obtain information to develop his personal andsocial environment, and has the right to seek, obtain, possess, store, process and convey information by using all types of available channels".
The activity of communicating and expressing opinions using information technology is a human right that must be legally protected so that it does not harm others and limits the freedom of communication and opinion through the provisions contained in Law Number  Transactions (ITE).Advances in the field of information often lead to misuse that leads to criminal acts, such as fraud, defamation, humiliation, and gambling (Sulastryani, 2021).
One of the criminal acts that occur in misusing information on social media is defamation The crime of defamation is an act that attacks the good name.Pragmatics is a branch of linguistics that discusses the structure of language as a means of communication between speakers and listeners, and as a reference for language signs in matters relating to extralingualism, Verhaar ( 2016: 14).In the field of pragmatics, the meaning of utterances is studied according to the meaning desired by the speaker and according to the context.In addition, pragmatics also examines deixis, presuppositions, implicatures, language acts, and aspects of discourse structure.(Cahyono, 2016: 214).The right way to start a study of speech acts is to present the division of speech acts.According to Austin (Leech, 2011: 316) there are three types of speech acts, namely locutionary acts, illocutions, and perlocutions.
Accuses of committing certain acts, which are aimed at the honor and good name of the person which can cause the person's sense of self-esteem or dignity to be tarnished, humiliated or humiliated, (Anwar, 1994: 144).
According to Chazami (2009: 89) an act can be said to be an act of defamation if it has been clearly seen that the act carried out aims to attack someone's honor.Classifying an act as a criminal act of defamation through social media is not an easy thing because the act committed is not immediately seen directly through a person's expression or style of speech but analyzes the language that contains criminal acts on social media (Samudra, 2020).
Something literally.In the study of semantics, we discuss the meaning of words.The meaning of a word is the material studied in semantics which is divided into several types.In this study, denotative and connotative meanings were used to analyze research data.According to Chaer, (2014: 292) denotative meaning is the original meaning, original meaning, or the actual meaning possessed by a lexeme.The denotative meaning is actually the same as the lexical meaning, while the connotative meaning is another meaning that is 'added' to the denotative meaning that is related to the sense of value of the person or group of people who use the word.Defamation is a special form of unlawful acts.Defamation is also known as insult, which attacks a person's good name and honor so that that person feels aggrieved, Budiawan and Mualafina (2016: 18).In defamation to be protected, it is the obligation of every person to respect others from the point of view of his honor and good name even though that person has committed a serious crime.In the Criminal Code it is stated that insults/defamation can be done verbally or in writing (printed).
According to Waluyo (2002: 98)  Social media is currently used as a means of communication between one person and another.Currently, social media is used according to the need to establish communication and the existence of its users.Social media users can send messages to others via social media either privately or can be shared with other users depending on the needs of the users.Kaplan and Haenlein (2014: 53) state that through social media, communication with other people will be kept private.Social media users who are followers can also provide comments or responses related to things conveyed through social media in the form of statements or photos.Through social media, information or instant messages reach others.This is because the message is updated in real time, (Yusuf, 2017)

METHODS
This research is a qualitative research with a descriptive approach.The data of this research is language that contains defamation on social media facebook.The techniques used in

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
AN lingual data is one of the data for forensic linguistic studies.The following is the complete data uploaded on Ambroncius Nababan's facebook account on January 12, 2021, addressed to Natanius Pigai which reads:

Picture of Ambroncius Nababan's account post on Facebook's social media account on January 12, 2021
The lingual data were analyzed based on denotation and connotation semantics.The denotative meaning is the original meaning, the original meaning, or the actual meaning possessed by a lexeme.The words on AN's facebook are "human", "gorilla and "desert lizard".The word is written in capital letters for emphasis.The word "human" in the Big Indonesian Dictionary Online (2016) means intelligent beings.The second word is "gorilla", in the Big Indonesian Dictionary Online (2016), the word "gorilla" means orangutan.The third word is "desert lizard" which means sack that lives in the desert.
Based on the connotative meaning which means another meaning that is 'added' related to the sense of value of the person or group of people who use the word, the three words have a meaning, namely "humans" means a group of people who are weak and have no power over the government.The word "gorilla" means a person who has the power to fight the government.The word "desert lizard" means people who disagree with the government.
These three words refer to living things, namely humans and animals.As we know that humans and animals have differences.Humans have instincts and minds whereas animals only have minds without instincts.The use of the type of animal chosen by the speaker is a different animal from the animal that is usually used to connote speech.Gorilla is the largest primate animal in the nation of monkeys and apes with a large body, small eyes, and no tail.This animal is feared because if it is angry it will rage and scratch its opponent.While the desert lizard is a lizard animal that has a habitat in the desert.These animals have horns and are able to squirt blood from their eyes to repel predators.These animals also have scales on the eyelids to protect the eyes and are able to cut off the tail when a predator grabs it.The use of words that refer to animals is words to insult and demean.
The next analysis is carried out using pragmatic theory.On the data, AN wrote, "My deepest Laogi: English Language Journal http://jurnal.umsrappang.ac.id/laogi/index apologies.The Sinovac vaccine was made for humans, not for gorillas, let alone desert lizards.Because according to the law gorillas and desert lizards do not need to be vaccinated.Do you understand?" based on the context that was attacked by AN, namely NP which is a representative of the government.
Based on Searle's theory of speech acts (in Yule 1996: 54), which was spoken by AN in locutionary speech acts, this sentence provides information so that the speaker refuses to be vaccinated against the government for the covid 19 vaccine.In illocutionary speech, the sentence gives a statement to the government to refuse Sinovac vaccine because it was made for humans but not for gorillas and desert lizards.
There are five types of illocutionary speech, namely assertives (assertive speech acts), Directives (directive speech act),Commissives (commissive speech acts), Declarations (declarative speech acts), and Expressives (expressive speech acts).The assertive speech in the sentence above is in the form of information conveyed by speaker Ambroncius Nababan to Natanius Pigai who represents the government rejecting the covid 19 vaccine.The directive in the sentence is the speaker's desire not to be vaccinated against covid 19.The speaker assumes that the covid 19 vaccine is only intended for the public weak in support of the government.The declaration in this sentence is that the speaker wants to make something new, namely the covid 19 vaccine can be rejected by a group of people who don't want it.The representative utterance in the sentence above is that the speaker suggests the readers and Natanius Pigai that the covid 19 vaccine can be rejected if it is not wanted by a group of people who have power and have different views with the government.The commissive utterance in the sentence is that the speaker wants Natanius Pigai who represents the government to understand the speaker's desire to refuse the covid 19 vaccine.Based on the context of the sentence and the type of illocutionary speech act, the sentence belongs to the type of commissive illocutionary speech act, namely through the speech the speaker wants NP to represent the government understand the speaker's desire to refuse the covid 19 vaccine.
In illocutionary theory, this sentence also contains a metaphorical meaning.Based on the metaphorical meaning, the word "human" means society, the word "gorilla" means someone who is cruel, capable of hurting and violent, and the word "desert lizard" means a person who is not for or against the current government.Based on the context of the sentence, the meaning of the metaphor in the sentence is to compare the power between ordinary people, a group of people who have the power to oppose the government, and a group of people who are against the government.Speakers can make this statement because they feel they are part of a group that is currently capable of doing something cruel or violent against the government.
The illocutionary-commissive speech resulted in a perlocutionary form of reporting by AN at the Papua Regional Police and West Papua Regional Police so that the Criminal Investigation Unit took up the case.As a result, AN was detained for 40 days for the purposes of the investigation process.AN will be chargedArticle of Law Number 19 of 2016 Amendments to the ITE Law and the Criminal CodeArticle 310 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code regarding written pollution.A statement on Facebook as a form of rejection to the government regarding the COVID-19 vaccine.

CONCLUSION
Based on the results of data analysis, it is known that the denotation meanings of gorilla and desert lizard do not match the context of the sentence.In connotative meaning, the three words refer to living things, namely humans and animals.As we know that humans and animals have differences.Humans have instincts and minds whereas animals only have minds without instincts.The use of the type of animal chosen by the speaker is a different animal from the animal that is usually used to insult and demean.In pragmatic studies, this sentence has a locutionary meaning, namely giving a statement to the government to reject the Sinovac Vaccine because the vaccine is made for humans but not for gorillas and desert lizards.While the illocutionary meaning of the sentence gives a statement to the government to reject the Sinovac Vaccine because the vaccine is made for humans but not for gorillas and desert lizards.
The type of illocutionary speech act in this sentence is a commissive illocutionary speech act.Through this speech, the speaker wants the NP who represents the government to understand the speaker's desire to refuse the covid 19 vaccine.The perlocution in this sentence is in the form of reporting AN at the Papua Regional Police and West Papua Police so that the Bareskrim takes the case.AN will be charged The perlocution in this sentence is the reporting of AN at the Papua Regional Police and the West Papua Police so that the Criminal Investigation Unit takes up the case.AN will be charged The perlocution in this sentence is the reporting of AN at the Papua Regional Police and the West Papua Police so that the Criminal Investigation Unit takes up the case.AN will be chargedArticle of Law Number 19 of 2016 to the ITE Law and the Criminal CodeArticle 310 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code regarding written pollution.
1 of 1946 concerning the Criminal Code and Law No. -Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic the elements of defamation are: Article 310 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code regarding Pollution: Article 310 paragraph (2) of the Criminal Code regarding written pollution, Article 311 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code regarding defamation: Article 315 of the Criminal Code regarding minor insults, Article 317 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code, regarding libelous complaints, Article 318 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code regarding defamatory accusations and Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning amendments to Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning Information and transactions electronic.
Laogi: English Language Journal http://jurnal.umsrappang.ac.id/laogi/indexJuly| Volume 8 | Issue 2 192 collecting data are screen capture, reading, and note-taking techniques.The data analysis technique used is a qualitative content analysis technique.