PENGARUH KOSENTRASI DAUN KELADI TERHADAP BIOKOMPOSIT FOAM TAPIOKA DAN KITOSAN
Keywords:
Biocomposite foam, taro leaf powder, tapioca, chitosan
Abstract
Biocomposite foam offers an environmentally friendly solution to replace synthetic polymer-based packaging that is difficult to degrade. This study aimed to investigate the effect of taro leaf powder (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) concentration on the characteristics of tapioca-and chitosan-based biocomposite foam, as well as to determine the optimal concentration for producing the best-performing foam. The research employed a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with five levels of taro leaf powder concentration: 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and 3%, tested across four blocks based on biocomposite foam production time. The observed variables included tensile strength, tear strength, density, elongation at break, compression set, thickness, swelling, and biodegradation. Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The results showed that variations in taro leaf powder concentration produced the best foam properties, with a tensile strength of 2.04 N/cm2, tear strength of 1.46 N/cm2, density of 0.22 g/mL, elongation at break of 2.77%, compression set of 17.28%, thickness of 12.78 mm, swelling of 0.84%, and a biodegradation time of 15.75 days.
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Berutu, F. L., Dewi, R., Muhammad, M., Ginting, Z., dan ZA, N. (2022). Biofoam Berbahan Pati Sagu (Metroxylon Rumphii M) Dengan Bahan Pengisi (Filler) Serat Batang Pisang Dan Kulit Pisang Menggunakan Metode Thermopressing. Chemical Engineering Journal Storage (CEJS). 2(1), 61. https://doi.org/10.29103/cejs.v2i1.6420
Cahyani, A. L., Linda, V., Guntama, D., Dewi, M. N., and Hakim, L. (2023). Effect of Chitosan Variation in Starch and Cellulose Based Biofoam. Advance Sustainable Science, Engineering and Technology. 5(3), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.26877/asset.v5i3.17126
Darni, Y., Amalia, F., Azwar, E., Utami, H., Lismeri, L., dan Haviz, M. (2022). Pemanfaatan Jerami Padi sebagai Filler dalam Pembuatan Biodegradable Foam (Biofoam). Jurnal Teknologi Dan Inovasi Industri. 3(2), 18–26.
Darni, Y., Mayanti, E., Anandati, G. M., Ginting, S. B., Lismeri, L., Nugrahini, P., and Utami, H. (2023). Synthesis of Biofoam from Cassava Peel Starch, Banana Peel Starch and Chitosan as Additives. Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan. 12(2):120–128. https://doi.org/10.15294/jbat.v12i2.44842
Evode, N., Qamar, S. A., Bilal, M., Barceló, D., and Iqbal, H. M. N. (2021). Plastic Waste And Its Management Strategies For Environmental Sustainability. Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering. 4(21), 2–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cscee.2021.100142
Fadilah, R., Sari, R., dan Sukainah, A. (2020). Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Membran Ramah Lingkungan dari Limbah Styrofoam dengan Penambahan Biochar. Pendidikan Teknologi Pertanian. 6(1), 75–88.
Fauzi, A. R., Sarofa, U., and Rosida, D. F. (2024). Characteristics of Biodegradable Foam with Proportional Treatment of Tapioca Flour and Soybean Peel Flour with Added Glycerol. AJARCDE (Asian Journal of Applied Research for Community Development and Empowerment). 8(2), 246–253. https://doi.org/10.29165/ajarcde.v8i2.433
Gabriel, A. A., and Afandi, L. R. P. (2022). Optimization Of Material Formulation And Process Parameters In Canna Edulis Starch-Based Biofoam Synthesis. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 11(14), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1114/1/012097
Harsojuwono, B. A. dan Arnata, I. W. (2017). Teknologi Polimer Industri Pertanian. Intimedia. Malang.
Hendrawati, N., Lestari, Y. I., and Wulansari, P. A. (2017). Pengaruh Penambahan Kitosan Terhadap Sifat Biodegradable Foam Berbahan Baku Pati. Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia & Lingkungan. 12(1), 1–7.
Lisý, A., Ház, A., Nadányi, R., Jablonský, M., and Šurina, I. (2022). About Hydrophobicity of Lignin: A Review of Selected Chemical Methods for Lignin Valorisation in Biopolymer Production. Energies. 15(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/en15176213
Namphonsane, A., Amornsakchai, T., Chia, C. H., Goh, K. L., Thanawan, S., Wongsagonsup, R., and Smith, S. M. (2023). Development of Biodegradable Rigid Foams from Pineapple Field Waste. Polymers. 15(13), 2–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym15132895
Nurhabibah, S. A., dan Kusumaningrum, W. B. (2021). Karakterisasi Bioplastik Dari K-Karagenan Eucheuma Cottonii Terplastisasi Berpenguat Nanoselulosa. Jurnal Kimia Dan Kemasan. 43(2), 82–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24817/jkk.v42i2.6808
Prihastuti H. (2008). Studi sintesis foam poliuretan dari gliserol monoleat. Skripsi. Tidak dipublikasikan. FMIPA UI.
Putri, S. S., Harsojuwono, B. A., dan Anggreni., A. A. M. D. (2023). Pengaruh Konsentrasi Polivinil Alkohol dan Magnesium Stearat terhadap Karakteristik Bahan Pengemas Biokomposit Foam Tapioka dan Glukomanan. Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Pertanian Agrotechno. 8(2), 102–108.
Qolby, E. (2016). Kandungan Serat Kasar Dan Protein Kasar Pada Daun Talas (Colocasia Esculenta) Yang Difermentasi Dengan Trichoderma Viride Dan Bacillus Subtilis Sebagai Bahan Pakan Alternatif Ikan. Media Journal Of Aquaculture And Fish Health. 1(3), 1–8 .
Reviandi, A. T., Harjosuwono, B. A., dan Suhendra, L. (2022). Pengaruh Perbandingan Sorbitol dan TDI-80 Terhadap Karakteristik Biokomposit Foam Maizena-Glikomanan. Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Pertanian Agrotechno. 7(2), 153. https://doi.org/10.24843/jitpa.2022.v07.i02.p09
Ritonga, A. U. M. (2019). Pembuatan Dan Karakterisasi Biofoam Berbasis Komposit Serbuk Daun Keladi Yang Diperkuat Oleh Polivinil Asetat (PVAc). International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology. 6(3), 141–148. https://doi.org/10.32628/ijsrset196328
Saptahadi, W., Anggraeni, V., Nazmi, P.S. dan Rahmayetty. (2021). Sintesis blend film pla-pati menggunakan asam asetat glasial sebagai kompatibiliser. Jurnal Integrasi Proses. 10(1), 37–41.
Sarito, I. K., Hasojuwono, B. A., dan Suwariani, N. P. (2022). Karakteristik Biokomposit Foam Maizena dan Glukomanan pada Perlakuan Konsentrasi Campuran Sorbitol dan TDI-80. Jurnal Rekayasa Dan Manajemen Agroindustri. 9(4), 526–537. https://doi.org/10.24843/jrma.2021.v09.i04.p09
Sulityo, H. W., dan Ismiyati. (2012). Pengaruh Formulasi Pati Singkong–Selulosa Terhadap Sifat Mekanik Dan Hidrofobisitas Pada Pembuatan Bioplastik. Konversi. 1(2), 23–30.
Sumardiono, S., Pudjihastuti, I., Amalia, R., and Yudanto, Y. A. (2021). Characteristics of Biodegradable Foam (Bio-foam) Made from Cassava Flour and Corn Fiber. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 1053(1), 012082. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1053/1/012082
Susilawati, P. N., Yursak, Z., Kurniawati, S., dan Saryoko, A. (2021). Petunjuk Teknis Budidaya dan Pengolahan Talas Varietas Beneng. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian (BPTP). Banten.
Tripathi, S., Mehrotra, G. K., & Dutta, P. K. (2009). Physicochemical and bioactivity of cross-linked chitosan-PVA film for food packaging applications. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 45(4), 372–376. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2009.07.006
Yang, J., Ching, Y. C., and Chuah, C. H. (2019). Applications of Lignocellulosic Fibers and Lignin in Bioplastics. Polymers. 11, 1–26.
