Identifikasi Hama pada Komoditas Jagung selama Penyimpanan di Kabupaten Sidenreng Rappang
Abstract
Storage pest attacks represent a significant factor in the decline in the quality and quantity of corn kernels during storage. The objective of this study is to ascertain the species of storage pests that have been identified in corn commodities during storage in Sidenreng Rappang Regency. The study was conducted in five storage warehouses, with six sampling points in each warehouse. A total of 1 kg was collected at each sampling point. The identification of the corn samples was conducted through a series of morphological assessments. This process involved the utilisation of a laboratory sieve, a stereo microscope, and a warehouse pest identification key. The results of the study demonstrated the presence of eight pest species, namely Sitophilus sp., Tribolium castaneum, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Rhizopertha dominica, Carpophilus dimidiatus, Palorus depressus, Alphitobius diaperinus, and Typhaea stercorea. The presence of primary pests, such as Sitophilus sp. and R. dominica, indicates the potential for internal damage to the kernels, while the dominance of secondary pests leads to storage quality degradation due to contamination and surface damage. The identification results obtained are of paramount importance in formulating a warehouse pest control strategy for the corn storage system in Sidenreng Rappang Regency.
References
Adebe, F. et al. (2024) ‘Evaluation of the performance of maize storage facilities for control of storage insect pests’, Journal of Stored Products Research, 107: 10233.
Affognon, H. et al. (2015) ‘Unpacking postharvest losses in sub-Saharan Africa’, World Development, 66, pp. 49–68. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.08.002.
Afzal, I., Bakhtavar, M. A. and Ishfaq, M. (2019) ‘Hermetic storage reduces postharvest losses in challenging ambient environments’, Journal of Stored Products Research.
Athanassiou, C. G. and Arthur, F. . H. (2018) ‘Biology and ecology of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica’, Journal of Stored Products Research, 77, pp. 1–9.
Athanassiou, C. G., Arthur, F. . H. and Throne, J. E. (2019) ‘Efficacy of grain protectants against stored-product insects and factors affecting their performance’, Journal of Stored Products Research, 81, pp. 1–8.
Baoua, I. B. et al. (2018) ‘Performance of hermetic storage for controlling maize weevil (Sitophilus zeamais)’, Journal of Stored Products Research, 77, pp. 17–22.
Bhowmik, S. (2021) Diversity of insect pests in stored rice and biology of Sitophilus spp. KrishiKosh, ICAR Institutional Repository.
Campbell, J. F. ., Toews, M. D. and Arthur, F. H. (2019) ‘Morphological characteristics and identification of stored-product beetles in grain storage systems’, Journal of Economic Entomology, 112(5), pp. 2175–2183. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz150.
Dobie, P. et al. (2018) Insects and arachnids of tropical stored products: Their biology and identification. Natural Resources Institute.
FAO (2019) The state of food and agriculture 2019: Moving forward on food loss and waste reduction, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Geden, C. J. and Hogsette, J. A. (2021) ‘Biology, behavior, and management of Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in poultry facilities’, . Insects, 21(3).
Gitonga, Z. M. et al. (2019) ‘Impact of metal silos on households’ maize storage, storage losses and food security: An application of a propensity score matching’, Food Policy, 43, pp. 44–55.
Goodwin, S. and Ahn, Y. (2019) ‘Morphological identification of stored-product beetles of economic importance’, Journal of Insect Science, 19(4), pp. 1–10.
Ibrahim, B. U. and Abdullahi, G. (2021) ‘Evaluation of postharvest losses in stored maize grains due to insect infestation’, African Entomology, 29(2), pp. 421–430.
Kumar, D. and Kalita, P. (2017) ‘Reducing postharvest losses during storage of grain crops to strengthen food security in developing countries’, Foods, 6(1).
Kumar, P. et al. (2021) ‘Aflatoxins: A global concern for food safety, human health and their management.’, Frontiers in Microbiology, 12,635457.
Midega, C. A. O. et al. (2016) ‘Managing storage pests and aflatoxin contamination in maize through integrated approaches’, Food Security, 8(4), pp. 819–830.
Nayak, M. K. et al. (2018) ‘Resistance to grain protectants and fumigants in Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and its implications for pest management in stored products’, Journal of Stored Products Research, 77, pp. 69–79.
Ni, X., Wilson, J. P. and Buntin, G. D. (2024) ‘Protection from stored grain insects and implications for Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin contamination’, Journal of Stored Products Research.
Nukenine, E. N. (2018) ‘Stored product protection in Africa: Past, present and future’, Insects, 9(4).
Rees, D. (2020) Insects of stored products. 2nd ed. CSIRO Publishing.
Sanchez-Ramirez, S., García-Barros, E. and López-Fernández, J. (2017) ‘Morphological features and taxonomic relevance of small Dermestidae species in stored products’, Journal of Stored Products Research, 72, pp. 120–129.
Sayang, Y., Dewi, V. S. and Hamsiah (2022) ‘Keragaman jenis lalat buah pada beberapa tanaman buah-buahan di Kabupaten Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan’, Jurnal Biosilampari: Jurnal Biologi, 5(1), pp. 1–8.
Semeao, A. A. et al. (2020) ‘Population growth and development of stored-product insect pests under different grain storage conditions’, Journal of Economic Entomology, 113(2), pp. 987–996.
Shabeer, S. et al. (2022) ‘Aflatoxin contamination, its impact and management strategies: An updated review’, Toxins, 14(5).
Tefera, T., Mugo, S. and Bayene, Y. (2018) ‘Measuring the nutritional cost of insect infestation of stored maize’, Food Security, 10, pp. 1–13.
Yadav, S. K. and Srivastava, C. (2023) ‘Stored grain pest management: Advances in monitoring and control’, Journal of Stored Products and Postharvest Research, 14(2), 34–4, 14(2), pp. 34–40.
