Pengaruh Bahan Aktif Insektisida Terhadap Tingkat Mortalitas Dan Keberhasilan Metamorfosis Nilaparvata Lugens Asal Sawah Irigasi
Keywords:
Azadirachtin, Dinotefuran, Triflumezopyrim, Metamorfosis, Wereng
Abstract
Wereng Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens) merupakan salah satu hama utama tanaman padi yang dapat mengurangi produktivitas dan menyebabkan gagal panen. Pengendalian intensif N. lugens menggunakan insektisida sintetis berpotensi menyebabkan resistensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat mortalitas N. lugens terhadap insektisida yang mengandung bahan aktif triflumezopyrim, dinotefuran, dan azadirachtin. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktor dengan 13 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan, sehingga menghasilkan 39 unit percobaan. Setiap perlakuan diinfestasi dengan 10 N. lugens instar 2-3. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan (DMRT) pada tingkat signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dinotefuran dan triflumezopyrim memberikan tingkat mortalitas 100% dengan kategori sangat tinggi dan dapat menekan keberhasilan nimfa menjadi dewasa (0%). Sementara itu, azadirachtin memberikan tingkat kematian yang bervariasi (70%-100%) dengan kategori tinggi hingga sangat tinggi, dan memberikan tingkat keberhasilan nimfa menjadi dewasa yang juga bervariasi (0%-17,67%). Observasi lapangan menunjukkan bahwa petani di Kabupaten Pedes cukup intensif dalam menggunakan insektisida sintetis, terutama kelompok neonicotinoid, sehingga rotasi insektisida dan penerapan pengendalian hama terpadu diperlukan untuk memperlambat perkembangan resistensi N. lugens.
References
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Darmadi, D., & Alawiyah, T. (2018). Respons Beberapa Varietas Padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap Wereng Batang Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stall) Koloni Karawang. Agrikultura, 29(2), 73. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v29i2.19249
Diptaningsari, D., Trisyono, Y. A., Purwantoro, A., & Wijonarko, A. (2020). Stability of Resistance to Imidacloprid in the Brown Planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens Stål .) from Banyumas, Central Java. 24(1), 61–67. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.43954
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Hidayah, M. N. N., Afifah, L., Adhi, S. R., & Irfan, B. (2024). Resistensi Wereng Batang Cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens) Populasi Tirtamulya Karawang Terhadap Insektisida Berbahan Aktif Imidakloprid. Jurnal Agrotech, 14(1), 22–28.
Horgan, F. G., Arida, Aa., Ardestani, G., & Almazan, M. L. P. (2021). Elevated Temperatures Diminish the Effects of a Highly Resistant Rice Variety on the Brown Planthopper. Scientific Reports, 11:262. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80704-4
Iamba, K., & Dono, D. (2021). A Review on Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål), a Major Pest of Rice in Asia and Pacific. Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science, July, 7–19. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2021/v6i430122
Jun, Z., When-qing, S., Yao, L., Lin-quan, G., Guo-qing, Y., Jian-xiang, X., & Fang, L. (2020). Effects of a Novel Mesoionic Insecticide, Triflumezopyrim, on The Feeding Behavior of Rice Planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(10), 2488–2499. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63197-5
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Kilani-morakchi, S., Morakchi-goudjil, H., & Sifi, K. (2021). Azadirachtin-Based Insecticide : Overview , Risk Assessments , and Future Directions. Frontiers in Agronomy, 3(July), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2021.676208
Lestari, M. D., Faisal, H. N., Prasekti, Y. H., Ulaela, C. S., Dewi, E., & Solikah, U. N. (2023). Penyuluhan Pengendalian Wereng pada Tanaman Padi dalam Bentuk Gerakan Pengendalian (Gerdal) di Desa Boyolangu Kecamatan Boyolangu Kabupaten Tulungagung. Janita : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(1), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.36563/pengabdian.v3i1.792
Lu, K., Song, Y., & Zeng, R. (2021). The Role of Cytochrome P450-Mediated Detoxification in Insect Adaptation to Xenobiotics. Current Opinion in Insect Science, 43, 103–107. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2020.11.004 Get rights and content
Ozoe, Y., Marsubara, Y., Tanaka, Y., Yoshioka, Y., Ozoe, F., Shiotsuki, T., Nomura, K., Nakao, T., & Shinichi Banba. (2023). Controlled Expression of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Encoding Genes in Insects Uncovers Distinct Mechanisms of Action of the Neonicotinoid Insecticide Dinotefuran. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 191(105378). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105378 Get rights and content
Ratna, Y., Ardianti, Pebrianti, H. D., & Yunita, W. (2021). Resistensi Wereng Batang Padi Cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) di Sentra Padi Kecamatan Kumpeh Ulu Terhadap Beberapa Jenis Bahan Aktif Insektisida. J. Agroecotania, 7(2), 56–65. https://repository.unja.ac.id/24884/%0Ahttps://repository.unja.ac.id/24884/7/daftar pustaka skripsi.pdf
Ria, E. R., Nurwanti, S., Sugiarti, L., & Turmuktini, T. (2025). Pengaruh Dosis Serbuk Daun Mimba Azadirachta Indica A. Juss. Terhadap Perkembangan Serangga Hama Gudang Callosobruchus Analis (F.) Pada Kedelai Kuning Varietas Anjasmoro. Jurnal Greenation Pertanian Dan Perkebunan, 3(1), 54–62. https://doi.org/10.38035/jgpp.v3i1.295
Shulthoni, fahmi R. (2019). Pengaruh Aplikasi Insektisida (Dinotefuran: 250 G/L) Terhadap Wereng Batang Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens) Pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa) Serta Dampaknya Terhadap Musuh Alami Paederus Fuscipes dan Menochillus Sexmaculatus di Kabupaten Blitar. https://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/179094/
Sijabat, E. V. B., Medy, R. L., & Wiguna, R. R. (2025). Pengurangan Dampak Lingkungan Melalui Penggunaan Pestisida Nabati di Desa Muaro Pijoan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. BangDimas Jurnal Pengembangan Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(1), 58–68. https://doi.org/10.22437/jppm.v4i1.39975
Syahdia, E., & Syahrawati, M. (2020). Tingkat Resistensi Wereng Batang Coklat ( Nilaparvata lugens ) Populasi Payakumbuh terhadap Insektisida Berbahan Aktif Bpmc. Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman, 4(2), 82–90.
Wahyudin, M. A., Windriyanti, W., Rahmadhini, N., & Lestari, S. R. (2024). Pengaruh Samping Insektisida Berbahan Aktif Dimehipo dan Fipronil Terhadap Mortalitas dan Kemunculan Imago Trichogramma chilonis. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 12(2), 249–258. https://doi.org/http:// dx.doi.org/10.23960/jat.v12i2.7691
Wei, F., Gu, W., Zhang, F., & Wu, S. (2024). Paralysis Caused by Dinotefuran at Environmental Concentration via Interfering the Ca 2 + – ROS – Mitochondria Pathway in Chironomus Kiiensis. Frontiers in Public Health, October, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1468384
Wen, S., Xue, Y., Du, R., Liu, C., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Liu, C., Wang, S., Wang, J., & Xia, X. (2021). Toxicity and Sublethal Effects of Triflumezopyrim on the Development and Detoxification Enzymatic Activities in the Small Brown Planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen). Crop Protection, 150. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105813
Wulansari, R., Hidayat, Y., & Dono, D. (2022). Aktivitas Insektisida Campuran Minyak Mimba (Azadirachta indica) dan Minyak Jarak Kepyar (Ricinus communis) terhadap Spodoptera frugiperda. Agrikultura, 32(3), 207. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v32i3.35174
Xi, C., Ahmad, S., Yu, J., Zhang, J., Chen, Y., Zhang, G., Zhu, H., Ge, L., Yu, X., & Shu, Z. (2022). Seed Coating with Triflumezopyrim Induces the Rice Plant ’ s Defense and Inhibits the Brown Planthopper ’ s Feeding Behavior. Agrono, 12(1202). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ agronomy12051202
Yang, L., Huang, L.-F., Chen, E.-H., Chen, H.-S., & Jiang, J.-J. (2021). Effects of Temperature on Growth and Development of the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Environmental Entomology, 50(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaa144
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2025). Luas Panen Tanaman Padi (Ha) (Hektar), 2024. Badan Pusat Statistik. https://jabar.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/MzAwIzI=/luas-panen-tanaman-padi--ha-.html
Betz, A., & Andrew, N. R. (2020). Influence of Non-lethal Doses of Natural Insecticides Spinetoram and Azadirachtin on Helicoverpa punctigera ( Native Budworm , Lepidoptera : Noctuidae ) Under Laboratory Conditions. 1–11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.01089
Bhekti, L. C., Siriyah, S. L., Azizah, E., & Irfan, B. (2025). Respon Mortalitas dan Pertumbuhan Nimfa Menjadi Imago Wereng Batang Cokelat ( Nilaparvata lugens Stål .) Terhadap Lima Jenis Insektisida Pada Beberapa Populasi di Pulau Jawa. Jurnal AGRO, 12(2), 314–327.
Darmadi, D., & Alawiyah, T. (2018). Respons Beberapa Varietas Padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap Wereng Batang Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stall) Koloni Karawang. Agrikultura, 29(2), 73. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v29i2.19249
Diptaningsari, D., Trisyono, Y. A., Purwantoro, A., & Wijonarko, A. (2020). Stability of Resistance to Imidacloprid in the Brown Planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens Stål .) from Banyumas, Central Java. 24(1), 61–67. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpti.43954
Eliah Siregar, Nursida, & Marlina. (2023). Intensitas Serangan Wereng Batang Coklat Pasca Di Lahan Pasang Surut Di Kecamatan Kempas Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Jurnal Agro Indragiri, 8(1), 36–40. https://doi.org/10.32520/jai.v8i1.2712
Haerul, Idrus, M. I., & Risnawati. (2016). Efektifitas pestisida nabati dalam mengendalikan hama pada tanaman cabai. Jurnal Agrominansia, 1(2), 129–136. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333812704
Hidayah, M. N. N., Afifah, L., Adhi, S. R., & Irfan, B. (2024). Resistensi Wereng Batang Cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens) Populasi Tirtamulya Karawang Terhadap Insektisida Berbahan Aktif Imidakloprid. Jurnal Agrotech, 14(1), 22–28.
Horgan, F. G., Arida, Aa., Ardestani, G., & Almazan, M. L. P. (2021). Elevated Temperatures Diminish the Effects of a Highly Resistant Rice Variety on the Brown Planthopper. Scientific Reports, 11:262. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-80704-4
Iamba, K., & Dono, D. (2021). A Review on Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål), a Major Pest of Rice in Asia and Pacific. Asian Journal of Research in Crop Science, July, 7–19. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajrcs/2021/v6i430122
Jun, Z., When-qing, S., Yao, L., Lin-quan, G., Guo-qing, Y., Jian-xiang, X., & Fang, L. (2020). Effects of a Novel Mesoionic Insecticide, Triflumezopyrim, on The Feeding Behavior of Rice Planthoppers, Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 19(10), 2488–2499. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63197-5
Ke, K., Wu, S., Ke Hu, Liao, X., Ming Li, & Li, R. (2025). Involved in the Perception of Repellent Agent Geraniol. Scientific Reports, 15(22368). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-04607-y
Kilani-morakchi, S., Morakchi-goudjil, H., & Sifi, K. (2021). Azadirachtin-Based Insecticide : Overview , Risk Assessments , and Future Directions. Frontiers in Agronomy, 3(July), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fagro.2021.676208
Lestari, M. D., Faisal, H. N., Prasekti, Y. H., Ulaela, C. S., Dewi, E., & Solikah, U. N. (2023). Penyuluhan Pengendalian Wereng pada Tanaman Padi dalam Bentuk Gerakan Pengendalian (Gerdal) di Desa Boyolangu Kecamatan Boyolangu Kabupaten Tulungagung. Janita : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(1), 20–25. https://doi.org/10.36563/pengabdian.v3i1.792
Lu, K., Song, Y., & Zeng, R. (2021). The Role of Cytochrome P450-Mediated Detoxification in Insect Adaptation to Xenobiotics. Current Opinion in Insect Science, 43, 103–107. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2020.11.004 Get rights and content
Ozoe, Y., Marsubara, Y., Tanaka, Y., Yoshioka, Y., Ozoe, F., Shiotsuki, T., Nomura, K., Nakao, T., & Shinichi Banba. (2023). Controlled Expression of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Encoding Genes in Insects Uncovers Distinct Mechanisms of Action of the Neonicotinoid Insecticide Dinotefuran. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 191(105378). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105378 Get rights and content
Ratna, Y., Ardianti, Pebrianti, H. D., & Yunita, W. (2021). Resistensi Wereng Batang Padi Cokelat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal) di Sentra Padi Kecamatan Kumpeh Ulu Terhadap Beberapa Jenis Bahan Aktif Insektisida. J. Agroecotania, 7(2), 56–65. https://repository.unja.ac.id/24884/%0Ahttps://repository.unja.ac.id/24884/7/daftar pustaka skripsi.pdf
Ria, E. R., Nurwanti, S., Sugiarti, L., & Turmuktini, T. (2025). Pengaruh Dosis Serbuk Daun Mimba Azadirachta Indica A. Juss. Terhadap Perkembangan Serangga Hama Gudang Callosobruchus Analis (F.) Pada Kedelai Kuning Varietas Anjasmoro. Jurnal Greenation Pertanian Dan Perkebunan, 3(1), 54–62. https://doi.org/10.38035/jgpp.v3i1.295
Shulthoni, fahmi R. (2019). Pengaruh Aplikasi Insektisida (Dinotefuran: 250 G/L) Terhadap Wereng Batang Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens) Pada Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa) Serta Dampaknya Terhadap Musuh Alami Paederus Fuscipes dan Menochillus Sexmaculatus di Kabupaten Blitar. https://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/179094/
Sijabat, E. V. B., Medy, R. L., & Wiguna, R. R. (2025). Pengurangan Dampak Lingkungan Melalui Penggunaan Pestisida Nabati di Desa Muaro Pijoan Kabupaten Muaro Jambi. BangDimas Jurnal Pengembangan Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(1), 58–68. https://doi.org/10.22437/jppm.v4i1.39975
Syahdia, E., & Syahrawati, M. (2020). Tingkat Resistensi Wereng Batang Coklat ( Nilaparvata lugens ) Populasi Payakumbuh terhadap Insektisida Berbahan Aktif Bpmc. Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman, 4(2), 82–90.
Wahyudin, M. A., Windriyanti, W., Rahmadhini, N., & Lestari, S. R. (2024). Pengaruh Samping Insektisida Berbahan Aktif Dimehipo dan Fipronil Terhadap Mortalitas dan Kemunculan Imago Trichogramma chilonis. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 12(2), 249–258. https://doi.org/http:// dx.doi.org/10.23960/jat.v12i2.7691
Wei, F., Gu, W., Zhang, F., & Wu, S. (2024). Paralysis Caused by Dinotefuran at Environmental Concentration via Interfering the Ca 2 + – ROS – Mitochondria Pathway in Chironomus Kiiensis. Frontiers in Public Health, October, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1468384
Wen, S., Xue, Y., Du, R., Liu, C., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Liu, C., Wang, S., Wang, J., & Xia, X. (2021). Toxicity and Sublethal Effects of Triflumezopyrim on the Development and Detoxification Enzymatic Activities in the Small Brown Planthopper (SBPH), Laodelphax striatellus (Fallen). Crop Protection, 150. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2021.105813
Wulansari, R., Hidayat, Y., & Dono, D. (2022). Aktivitas Insektisida Campuran Minyak Mimba (Azadirachta indica) dan Minyak Jarak Kepyar (Ricinus communis) terhadap Spodoptera frugiperda. Agrikultura, 32(3), 207. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v32i3.35174
Xi, C., Ahmad, S., Yu, J., Zhang, J., Chen, Y., Zhang, G., Zhu, H., Ge, L., Yu, X., & Shu, Z. (2022). Seed Coating with Triflumezopyrim Induces the Rice Plant ’ s Defense and Inhibits the Brown Planthopper ’ s Feeding Behavior. Agrono, 12(1202). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ agronomy12051202
Yang, L., Huang, L.-F., Chen, E.-H., Chen, H.-S., & Jiang, J.-J. (2021). Effects of Temperature on Growth and Development of the Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Homoptera: Delphacidae). Environmental Entomology, 50(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvaa144
