Application of Remote Sensing Technology for Mapping Changes in Mangrove Cover Area from 2022 to 2026 in Ponelo Kepulauan District
Aplikasi Teknologi Penginderaan Jauh untuk Pemetaan Perubahan Luas Tutupan Mangrove Tahun 2022–2026 di Kecamatan Ponelo Kepulauan
Abstract
This study aims to analyze changes in mangrove cover area in Ponelo Kepulauan District, North Gorontalo Regency, Indonesia, over the 2022–2026 period using remote sensing technology. The data consisted of Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite imagery acquired between 2022 and 2026 with less than 20% cloud cover, while Google Earth imagery was used as supporting data for visual validation. Image interpretation was conducted using an RGB 564 composite (Band 5, Band 6, and Band 4), visual digitization, and area calculation in ArcGIS 10.5. Validation was performed visually by comparing the shape, spatial distribution patterns, and locations of the digitized mangrove cover with vegetation features observed in Google Earth imagery, without field verification or quantitative accuracy assessment. The results showed fluctuations in the estimated mangrove cover area, with 125.49 ha in 2022, 138.18 ha in 2023, 129.24 ha in 2024, 133.53 ha in 2025, and 135.28 ha in 2026, representing a net increase of 9.79 ha (7.80%) between 2022 and 2026. The largest estimated mangrove cover area occurred in 2023, while the smallest was recorded in 2022. Visual validation indicated spatial pattern consistency between the digitized results and vegetation features observed in Google Earth imagery. Differences in area between years, particularly small changes, should be interpreted cautiously due to the limitations of the 30 m spatial resolution of the satellite imagery and digitization uncertainty. This study provides time-series estimates of changes in mangrove cover area that can serve as supporting data for monitoring and managing mangrove ecosystems in Ponelo Kepulauan District.
References
Agustina, A., & Bulotio, N. F. (2023). The Application of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System for Monitoring Changes in Mangrove Forest Area in Torosiaje Village. Jurnal IPTEKS Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan, 10(2), 77-91. https://doi.org/10.20956/jipsp.v10i2.28499
Badan Pusat Statistik Gorontalo Utara. (2025). Data statistik Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara. Badan Pusat Statistik. https://web-api.bps.go.id/
Dajafar, A., Olii, A. H., & Sahami, F. (2014). Struktur vegetasi mangrove di Desa Ponelo Kecamatan Ponelo Kepulauan Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara. The NIKé Journal, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.37905/.v2i2.1255
Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. (2021). Ragam Fungsi dan Manfaat Mangrove. Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah.
Eddy, S., Iskandar, I. I., Ridho, M. R., & Mulyana, A. (2019). Restorasi Hutan Mangrove Terdegradasi Berbasis Masyarakat Lokal. Indobiosains, 1(1), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.31851/indobiosains.v1i1.2298
Fitra, R. A. (2022). Kondisi Ekosistem Mangrove di Kecamatan Wundulako Kabupaten Kolaka. Jurnal Ilmu Alam dan Lingkungan, 13(2), 31-38. https://doi.org/10.70561/jal.v13i2.22340
Giri, C., Ochieng, E., Tieszen, L. L., Zhu, Z., Singh, A., Loveland, T., Masek, J., & Duke, N. (2011). Status and distribution of mangrove forests of the world using Earth observation satellite data. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 20(1), 154–159. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00584.x
Heumann, B. W. (2011). Satellite remote sensing of mangrove forests: Recent advances and future opportunities. Progress in Physical Geography, 35(1), 87–108. https://doi.org/10.1177/0309133310385371
Hiola, R., Syafaruddin, S., Agustina, A., & Sahaba, M. A. B. (2024). Analisis Beberapa Parameter Fisika Kimia Kawasan Mangrove untuk Pengembangan Budidaya Kepiting Bakau (Scylla sp.) Pola Silvofishery di Pesisir Kabupaten Pangkep. The NIKé Journal, 12(3), 141-151. https://doi.org/10.37905/nj.v12i3.30397
Julaikha, S., & Sumiyati, L. (2017). Nilai ekologis ekosistem hutan mangrove. Jurnal Biologi Tropis, 17(1), 23–31. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v17i1.389
Karim, Z., & Kasim, F. (2018). Pemanfaatan dan persepsi hutan mangrove oleh masyarakat di Pulau Ponelo dan Pulau Dudepo Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Integrated Farming System. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338983807
Kilinau, K., Sahami, F. M., & Nursinar, S. (2023). Keanekaragaman dan Pola Zonasi Ekosistem Mangrove di Desa Otiola Kecamatan Ponelo Kepulauan. The NIKé Journal, 11(3), 129-134. https://doi.org/10.37905/nj.v11i3.21987
Kusmana, C. (2013). Distribution and Current Status of Mangrove Forests in Indonesia. In Mangrove Ecosystems of Asia: Status, Challenges and Management Strategies (pp. 37-60). New York: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8582-7_3
Lillesand, T., Kiefer, R. W., & Chipman, J. (2015). Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation. John Wiley & Sons.
Saputra, R., Gaol, J. L., & Agus, S. B. (2021). Studi perubahan tutupan lahan mangrove berbasis objek (OBIA) menggunakan citra satelit di Pulau Dompak Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 13(1), 39–55. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v13i1.27886
Syah, A. F. (2010). Penginderaan Jauh dan Aplikasinya di Wilayah Pesisir dan Lautan. Jurnal Kelautan: Indonesian Journal of Marine Science and Technology, 3(1), 18-28. https://doi.org/10.21107/jk.v3i1.838
Triyanti, R., Firdaus, M., & Pramoda, R. (2017). Total nilai ekosistem mangrove di Kabupaten Gorontalo Utara, Provinsi Gorontalo. Jurnal Penelitian Sosial dan Ekonomi Kehutanan, 14(3), 219–236. https://doi.org/10.20886/jpsek.2017.14.3.219-236
United States Geological Survey (USGS). (2018). Landsat 8 (L8) Data Users Handbook. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia.
Waas, H. J. D., & Nababan, B. (2010). Pemetaan dan analisis indeks vegetasi mangrove di Pulau Saparua, Maluku Tengah. E-Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 2(1), 50–58. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v2i1.7862
Zainuri, A. M., Takwanto, A., & Syarifuddin, A. (2017). Konservasi ekologi hutan mangrove di Kecamatan Mayangan Kota Probolinggo. Jurnal Dedikasi, 14, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.22219/dedikasi.v14i0.4292
